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The ''National Police Gazette'', commonly referred to as simply the ''Police Gazette'', was an American magazine founded in 1845. Under publisher Richard K. Fox, it became the forerunner of the men's lifestyle magazine, the illustrated sports weekly, the girlie/pin up magazine, the celebrity gossip column, Guinness World Records-style competitions, and modern tabloid/sensational journalism.〔Reel, Guy (2006). ''The National Police Gazette and the Making of the Modern American Man, 1879-1906''.〕〔Chudacoff, Howard P. (1999). ''The Age of the Bachelor: Creating an American Subculture''.〕〔Gorn, Elliott J. (1986). ''The Manly Art: Bare-Knuckle Prize Fighting in America''.〕〔Gabor, Mark (1984). ''The Illustrated History of Girlie Magazines: From National Police Gazette to the Present''.〕〔Smith, Gene and Jayne Barry Smith (1972). ''The Police Gazette''.〕〔Van Every, Edward (1930). ''Sins of New York as "Exposed" by the Police Gazette''.〕 The magazine was founded by two journalists, Enoch E. Camp, also an attorney, and George Wilkes, a transcontinental railroad booster.〔, pp. 32-33.〕 It began as a chronicler of crime and criminals, intended for consumption by the general public. In 1866, Wilkes and Camp sold the ''Gazette'' to George W. Matsell. The editor and proprietor from 1877 until his death in 1922 was Richard Kyle Fox, an immigrant from Ireland. Ostensibly devoted to matters of interest to the police, it is a tabloid-like publication, with lurid coverage of murders, Wild West outlaws, and sport. It is well known for its engravings and photographs of scantily clad strippers, burlesque dancers, and prostitutes, often skirting on the edge of what is legally considered obscenity. The ''National Police Gazette'' enjoyed considerable popularity in the late 19th century and early decades of the 20th century; but its popularity decreased during the Great Depression.〔(American Heritage article ), 1972〕 In 1932 the ''Police Gazettee'' ceased publication, and was sold at auction for a nominal sum. A year later it was revived under the ownership of the Donenfelds, who placed it in the editorial hands of Mrs. Merle W. Hersey, the ex-wife of Harold Hersey. The Donenfeld/Hersey regime did not last long and the magazine changed hands again within a year. The ''National Police Gazette'' continued on as a monthly publication for many years before ceasing print publication in 1977. In its heyday it was immensely influential. In the first part of the 20th century, the United States became the centre for professional boxing. It was generally accepted that the "world champions" were those listed by the ''Police Gazette''.〔(Britannica. ''Police Gazette'', Britannicaonline Online )〕 After 1920, the National Boxing Association began to sanction "title fights". == Frank Samuelsen and George Harbo == (詳細はFox' after the editor of the ''Gazette'', Richard K. Fox. Despite crossing the Atlantic in 55 days (a record not broken until 2010, albeit by a team of four rowers) the ''Police Gazette'' never paid the men the promised prize money, though no contemporary sources exist showing the money was ever offered by the ''Police Gazette'' or that the men were expecting a substantial sum from the ''Gazette''. Numerous sources report the men were expecting either no money or only whatever money could be raised from exhibitions following successful completion of the voyage.〔(New York World, 13 Feb 1896, p16. )〕〔(New York Herald, 6 Jun 1896, p7. )〕〔(New York Herald, 21 Mar 1897, p2. )〕 Sources also show Richard K. Fox and the ''Police Gazette'' offered and provided towing of the 'Fox' to Bay Ridge, Brooklyn--the last outside propulsion used by Harbo and Samuelsen until reaching Europe; payment of expenses incurred by the American consulate in Le Havre for their food, clothing, and temporary shelter upon reaching the continent; two gold medals commemorating the achievement; and publicity within the pages of the ''Police Gazette''.〔(True Log of the Fox at BronzeSea.org. )〕〔(National Police Gazette, 22 Aug 1896, p6. )〕〔(National Police Gazette, 12 Sep 1896, p11. )〕 The ''Gazette'' was also the only newspaper willing to attach its name to the endeavor as others considered it too risky.〔(New York World, 2 Aug 1896, p10. )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「National Police Gazette」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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